{"id":18508,"date":"2026-03-31T10:23:57","date_gmt":"2026-03-31T07:23:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508"},"modified":"2026-03-31T10:24:09","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T07:24:09","slug":"%d8%a8%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82-%d9%81%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b3%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 &#8230; \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 &#8230; \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629:<br \/>\n\u0623.\u062f\/ \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c<br \/>\n\u0623.\u062f\/ \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628<br \/>\n\u0623.\u062f\/ \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<br \/>\n\u0623.\u062f\/ \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641:<br \/>\n\u0623.\u062f\/ \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628<br \/>\n\u0623.\u0645.\u062f\/ \u0645\u0645\u062f\u0648\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<br \/>\n\u0623.\u062f\/ \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062d<br \/>\n\u0623.\u0645.\u062f\/ \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0641\u062a\u064f\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0636\u0645 (221) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a: (\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u2013 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u2013 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u2013 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f)\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0634\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-18509\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"940\" height=\"788\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18510\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3ab6c42c-203b-439f-9a86-c0e320caa655.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3ab6c42c-203b-439f-9a86-c0e320caa655.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3ab6c42c-203b-439f-9a86-c0e320caa655-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3ab6c42c-203b-439f-9a86-c0e320caa655-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18511\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18512\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9c395878-efdc-4b7e-b189-22e10eb12e6e.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9c395878-efdc-4b7e-b189-22e10eb12e6e.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9c395878-efdc-4b7e-b189-22e10eb12e6e-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9c395878-efdc-4b7e-b189-22e10eb12e6e-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18513\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/25e0fef9-c3c4-4aa9-89e8-efbe301f438a.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/25e0fef9-c3c4-4aa9-89e8-efbe301f438a.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/25e0fef9-c3c4-4aa9-89e8-efbe301f438a-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/25e0fef9-c3c4-4aa9-89e8-efbe301f438a-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18514\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/47f1853e-47e1-427d-bba9-8dc5d58f01bd.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/47f1853e-47e1-427d-bba9-8dc5d58f01bd.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/47f1853e-47e1-427d-bba9-8dc5d58f01bd-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/47f1853e-47e1-427d-bba9-8dc5d58f01bd-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18515\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/62bf089a-63e0-4fc0-a752-5f82df5bd0e4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/62bf089a-63e0-4fc0-a752-5f82df5bd0e4.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/62bf089a-63e0-4fc0-a752-5f82df5bd0e4-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/62bf089a-63e0-4fc0-a752-5f82df5bd0e4-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18516\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/90e8b067-b282-44fd-af0f-920683506a93.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/90e8b067-b282-44fd-af0f-920683506a93.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/90e8b067-b282-44fd-af0f-920683506a93-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/90e8b067-b282-44fd-af0f-920683506a93-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18517\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/90eebf9d-c1f4-4d94-99f4-0fad4e46cca8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/90eebf9d-c1f4-4d94-99f4-0fad4e46cca8.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/90eebf9d-c1f4-4d94-99f4-0fad4e46cca8-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/90eebf9d-c1f4-4d94-99f4-0fad4e46cca8-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18518\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/91d35a70-32d5-4d60-ab19-2ca17c72e038.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/91d35a70-32d5-4d60-ab19-2ca17c72e038.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/91d35a70-32d5-4d60-ab19-2ca17c72e038-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/91d35a70-32d5-4d60-ab19-2ca17c72e038-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18519\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/969db4ca-7fb5-4daa-b469-272fab7fde42.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/969db4ca-7fb5-4daa-b469-272fab7fde42.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/969db4ca-7fb5-4daa-b469-272fab7fde42-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/969db4ca-7fb5-4daa-b469-272fab7fde42-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18520\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1843fb38-f06e-4d23-ab89-920dbaceb679.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1843fb38-f06e-4d23-ab89-920dbaceb679.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1843fb38-f06e-4d23-ab89-920dbaceb679-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1843fb38-f06e-4d23-ab89-920dbaceb679-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18521\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1850c6e0-0a45-45a5-bcd3-467d022f3765.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1850c6e0-0a45-45a5-bcd3-467d022f3765.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1850c6e0-0a45-45a5-bcd3-467d022f3765-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1850c6e0-0a45-45a5-bcd3-467d022f3765-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18522\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2340bade-3bf4-49af-8076-746385e2264b.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2340bade-3bf4-49af-8076-746385e2264b.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2340bade-3bf4-49af-8076-746385e2264b-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2340bade-3bf4-49af-8076-746385e2264b-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18523\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/6168e0d5-a6a8-4ae8-90d2-b6e579f80477.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/6168e0d5-a6a8-4ae8-90d2-b6e579f80477.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/6168e0d5-a6a8-4ae8-90d2-b6e579f80477-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/6168e0d5-a6a8-4ae8-90d2-b6e579f80477-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18524\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/22128246-29d0-45d4-8808-ee2c55a3941e.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/22128246-29d0-45d4-8808-ee2c55a3941e.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/22128246-29d0-45d4-8808-ee2c55a3941e-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/22128246-29d0-45d4-8808-ee2c55a3941e-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18525\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/a1fd7c5c-38b1-42fe-b389-ac33578ff852.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/a1fd7c5c-38b1-42fe-b389-ac33578ff852.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/a1fd7c5c-38b1-42fe-b389-ac33578ff852-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/a1fd7c5c-38b1-42fe-b389-ac33578ff852-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18526\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/abfd94eb-a2a7-4e04-a48b-cff48b787ce9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/abfd94eb-a2a7-4e04-a48b-cff48b787ce9.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/abfd94eb-a2a7-4e04-a48b-cff48b787ce9-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/abfd94eb-a2a7-4e04-a48b-cff48b787ce9-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18527\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/aec010e3-448f-4f5b-bde2-6696fc813524.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/aec010e3-448f-4f5b-bde2-6696fc813524.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/aec010e3-448f-4f5b-bde2-6696fc813524-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/aec010e3-448f-4f5b-bde2-6696fc813524-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18528\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/af1abbbe-1caf-47cc-b3fc-815e4d4a2ded.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/af1abbbe-1caf-47cc-b3fc-815e4d4a2ded.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/af1abbbe-1caf-47cc-b3fc-815e4d4a2ded-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/af1abbbe-1caf-47cc-b3fc-815e4d4a2ded-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18529\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/bd60cf65-c17b-45cb-9261-198ad2d8254a.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/bd60cf65-c17b-45cb-9261-198ad2d8254a.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/bd60cf65-c17b-45cb-9261-198ad2d8254a-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/bd60cf65-c17b-45cb-9261-198ad2d8254a-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18530\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cb0bd737-e748-4316-b803-cf9471b39144.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cb0bd737-e748-4316-b803-cf9471b39144.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cb0bd737-e748-4316-b803-cf9471b39144-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cb0bd737-e748-4316-b803-cf9471b39144-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18531\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/d64934d4-fecb-4b0f-a411-ad670370b106.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/d64934d4-fecb-4b0f-a411-ad670370b106.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/d64934d4-fecb-4b0f-a411-ad670370b106-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/d64934d4-fecb-4b0f-a411-ad670370b106-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18532\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/dd951f08-a7db-4338-b686-c0f46c149b64.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/dd951f08-a7db-4338-b686-c0f46c149b64.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/dd951f08-a7db-4338-b686-c0f46c149b64-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/dd951f08-a7db-4338-b686-c0f46c149b64-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-18533\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/e437e9fe-64f3-45e9-865a-43f6a298000d.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"812\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/e437e9fe-64f3-45e9-865a-43f6a298000d.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/e437e9fe-64f3-45e9-865a-43f6a298000d-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/e437e9fe-64f3-45e9-865a-43f6a298000d-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-18534\" src=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/e75ce29b-5440-4eba-b765-22d576f9d5cf.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"940\" height=\"788\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/e75ce29b-5440-4eba-b765-22d576f9d5cf.jpg 940w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/e75ce29b-5440-4eba-b765-22d576f9d5cf-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/e75ce29b-5440-4eba-b765-22d576f9d5cf-768x644.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 &#8230; \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c&#8221; \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629: \u0623.\u062f\/ \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0623.\u062f\/ \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0623.\u062f\/ \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0623.\u062f\/ \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641: \u0623.\u062f\/ \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0645\u064a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":18511,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18508","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-1"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>&quot;\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 ... \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 &quot;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629&quot; \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c&quot; - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"&quot;\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 ... \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 &quot;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629&quot; \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c&quot; - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&#8220;\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 &#8230; \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c&#8221; \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629: \u0623.\u062f\/ \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0623.\u062f\/ \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0623.\u062f\/ \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0623.\u062f\/ \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641: \u0623.\u062f\/ \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0645\u064a [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/phyedu.sohag.edu.eg\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-03-31T07:23:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-03-31T07:24:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"940\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"788\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 -\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 -\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 -\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#\/schema\/person\/c019562cab0edcd35d1b8babf9d0c21b\"},\"headline\":\"&#8220;\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 &#8230; \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c&#8221;\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-03-31T07:23:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-03-31T07:24:09+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508\"},\"wordCount\":1,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"\u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508\",\"name\":\"\\\"\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 ... \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \\\"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\\\" \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\\\" - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-03-31T07:23:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-03-31T07:24:09+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg\",\"width\":940,\"height\":788},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"&#8220;\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 &#8230; \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c&#8221;\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/\",\"name\":\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629.png\",\"width\":383,\"height\":90,\"caption\":\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#\/schema\/person\/c019562cab0edcd35d1b8babf9d0c21b\",\"name\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 -\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/31df676ced586d08110711d1dd0a816dcb13e83790d1d1eaf1abf5c86792b667?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/31df676ced586d08110711d1dd0a816dcb13e83790d1d1eaf1abf5c86792b667?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 -\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\"},\"description\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 - \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\",\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/www.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/spo\/\",\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/phyedu.sohag.edu.eg\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?author=2\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\"\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 ... \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\" \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\" - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508","og_locale":"ar_AR","og_type":"article","og_title":"\"\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 ... \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\" \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\" - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c","og_description":"&#8220;\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 &#8230; \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c&#8221; \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629: \u0623.\u062f\/ \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0623.\u062f\/ \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0623.\u062f\/ \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0623.\u062f\/ \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641: \u0623.\u062f\/ \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0645\u064a [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508","og_site_name":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c","article_author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/phyedu.sohag.edu.eg\/","article_published_time":"2026-03-31T07:23:57+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-03-31T07:24:09+00:00","og_image":[{"width":940,"height":788,"url":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 -\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629":"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 -\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c","\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631":"8 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508"},"author":{"name":"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 -\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c","@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#\/schema\/person\/c019562cab0edcd35d1b8babf9d0c21b"},"headline":"&#8220;\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 &#8230; \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c&#8221;","datePublished":"2026-03-31T07:23:57+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-31T07:24:09+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508"},"wordCount":1,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg","articleSection":["\u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629"],"inLanguage":"ar"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508","url":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508","name":"\"\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 ... \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\" \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\" - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg","datePublished":"2026-03-31T07:23:57+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-31T07:24:09+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ar","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg","width":940,"height":788},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=18508#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629","item":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"&#8220;\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 &#8230; \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c&#8221;"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#website","url":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/","name":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ar"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#organization","name":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c","url":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629.png","width":383,"height":90,"caption":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#\/schema\/person\/c019562cab0edcd35d1b8babf9d0c21b","name":"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 -\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/31df676ced586d08110711d1dd0a816dcb13e83790d1d1eaf1abf5c86792b667?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/31df676ced586d08110711d1dd0a816dcb13e83790d1d1eaf1abf5c86792b667?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 -\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c"},"description":"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 - \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c","sameAs":["http:\/\/www.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/spo\/","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/phyedu.sohag.edu.eg\/"],"url":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?author=2"}]}},"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg",940,788,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg",940,788,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg",940,788,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6-300x251.jpg",300,251,true],"large":["https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg",812,681,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg",940,788,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9ad4dfae-6181-4e87-a06f-af64a6a1a5c6.jpg",940,788,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 -\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c","author_link":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?author=2"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"<a href=\"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?cat=1\" rel=\"category\">\u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"&#8220;\u0628\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 &#8230; \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c&#8221; \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629: \u0623.\u062f\/ \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0623.\u062f\/ \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0623.\u062f\/ \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0623.\u062f\/ \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641: \u0623.\u062f\/ \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0645\u064a&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18508","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18508"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18508\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18535,"href":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18508\/revisions\/18535"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/18511"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18508"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18508"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spo.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18508"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}